Development-Process Checklist

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Developing a web3 project requires abiding to appropriate development background and best practices for a number of reasons:

<aside> 📌 Security: Web3 projects typically involve handling sensitive data and transactions on a decentralized platform, which can make them vulnerable to security breaches. By following proper development practices, such as secure coding practices and regular security audits, developers can ensure that the project is secure and minimize the risk of hacking and other cyber threats.

Scalability: Web3 projects are designed to operate in a decentralized environment, which means that they must be able to handle a large volume of transactions and users. Proper development practices, such as optimizing code, implementing caching, and using scalable architecture, can ensure that the project can handle a high volume of traffic and usage.

Reliability: Web3 projects must be reliable and available to users at all times. Proper development practices, such as monitoring system performance, performing regular backups, and implementing failover mechanisms, can ensure that the project is reliable and available to users.

Interoperability: Web3 projects typically involve integrating with other web3 technologies, such as smart contracts, decentralized storage, and blockchain networks. Proper development practices, such as following standard protocols and APIs, can ensure that the project is interoperable with other web3 technologies and can function correctly in a decentralized ecosystem.

Maintainability: Web3 projects are often complex and can be difficult to maintain over time. By following proper development practices, such as using version control, documenting code, and implementing automated testing, developers can ensure that the project is maintainable and can be easily updated and modified as needed.

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Here Is the Step-by-Step Guide for the Development Process of a Web3 Project

Beige Minimalist Design Service Workflow Instagram Post-2.png

🎛️Requirement Gathering

<aside> <img src="/icons/info-alternate_blue.svg" alt="/icons/info-alternate_blue.svg" width="40px" /> Understand the scope of the project and collect requirements from stakeholders.

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The first step in any web3 project development process is to gather requirements. This involves understanding the client's needs and expectations and defining the project scope. Here are the key steps involved in requirement gathering:

Identify the client's goals: The first step is understanding what the client wants to achieve through the project. This involves asking questions to understand the client's business model, target audience, and competition.
Define the project scope: Once you clearly understand the client's goals, you must define the scope. This involves identifying the features and functionalities the client wants to include in the project and any constraints or limitations.
Create a required document: Once the project scope is defined, you need to create the following Documents that outline the project's objectives, features, and functionalities. This document should serve as a blueprint for the project and guide the development team throughout the project lifecycle.
- Business Process Documentation Requirements
- Requirements Analysis Document Requirements
- Development Design Documentation Requirements

🧩Evaluation

<aside> <img src="/icons/info-alternate_blue.svg" alt="/icons/info-alternate_blue.svg" width="40px" /> The second step is to evaluate the project's feasibility and determine the resources required to complete it.

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Here are the key steps involved in the evaluation process:

Access the technical feasibility: The first step is to assess the project's technical feasibility. This involves analyzing the project requirements and identifying any technical challenges that may arise during the development process.
Estimates the project costs: Once the technical feasibility is determined, you need to estimate the costs. This involves calculating the resources required to complete the project, including the development team's time, hardware, software, and other resources.
Define the project timeline: Once the costs are estimated, you need to define the project timeline. This involves determining the project milestones and deadlines and allocating resources accordingly.

🖥️ Implementation And Development

<aside> <img src="/icons/info-alternate_blue.svg" alt="/icons/info-alternate_blue.svg" width="40px" /> Convert requirements into code, test it, and review it on a regular basis.

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a. Documentation and Specifications

Write clear and concise documentation for the smart contract code, including an overview of the purpose and functionality of the contract, input and output parameters for each function, and possible edge cases or limitations.
Use a standardized documentation format like NatSpec or Doxygen to improve readability and understandability.
Include a detailed specification document outlining the smart contract's goals, requirements, and constraints.
Provide detailed instructions on how to interact with the smart contract, including example input and output parameters and any potential gas costs or fees.

b. Solidity Best Practices and Readability

Correct Use of Pragma:Avoid using pragma solidity ^0.9.1 when you're setting the compiler version yourself. This can create ambiguity for verifiers regarding the version of solidity used. This pattern should only be used for library code where you're not the one compiling it. Instead, use pragma solidity 0.9.1.
Refrain from using unexplained constants in your code. It's more effective to use constant variables that describe the value. For instance, instead of using an arbitrary number like 5000, define it as a constant: public uint256 constant MAXIMUM_TRANSACTION_LIMIT = 5000;
Require statements should always include an explanatory message. Instead of

<aside> ❌ require(numTokens < MAXIMUM_TRANSACTION_LIMIT)

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<aside> ✅ use require(numTokens < MAXIMUM_TRANSACTION_LIMIT, “Number of tokens exceeds transaction limit”)

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Avoid Left-to-Right Character: The Unicode U+202E character, which changes the order in which text is rendered, should be avoided as it's often used for obfuscation purposes.
Use Descriptive Variable Names, Function Names, and Comments Avoid ambiguous names like mapping3 or data. Ensure that variable and function names are precise, accurate, and descriptive. For example, instead of naming a variable as 'data', name it as 'transactionData'. Also, flag any inaccurate or outdated comments.
Unused variables can hinder readability. Although the tools mentioned above will catch this, it's important to avoid them. For example, if a variable 'unusedVar' is declared but not used anywhere in the code, it should be removed.
Proper Use of Readability Keywords (hours, days, ether, 1_000_000, etc.) In Solidity, 1 days will automatically convert to 86400 seconds, which is much more readable. Similarly, use 1_000_000 over 1000000 for readability. When dealing with Ethereum quantities, use the ether keyword. For example, instead of writing 1000000000000000000, write 1 ether.
Proper Use of Readability Keywords (hours, days, ether, 1_000_000, etc.) In Solidity, 1 days will automatically convert to 86400 seconds, which is much more readable. Similarly, use 1_000_000 over 1000000 for readability. When dealing with Ethereum quantities, use the ether keyword. For example, instead of writing 1000000000000000000, write 1 ether.
Use Inclusive Language in Naming While it's not about being politically correct, it's important to remember that your code is stored indefinitely and can be read by anyone worldwide. Therefore, exercise decency, politeness, and respect in your naming conventions. Avoid using offensive or derogatory terms in your code.

c. On-Chain vs Off-Chain Computation

Consider using off-chain computation to minimize gas usage and improve performance.
Use a suitable off-chain computation mechanism, such as an oracle or external API, to provide real-time data to the smart contract.
Use on-chain computation only when necessary, such as when executing critical functions that require the security and immutability of the blockchain.

d. Upgradeability

Implement upgradeability mechanisms to allow for future updates and improvements to the smart contract.
Use a proxy or delegate contract to separate the contract logic from the contract data, allowing for upgrades without affecting the data.
Use a versioning system to track changes to the contract and ensure compatibility with existing deployments.
Implement a governance mechanism to ensure that upgrades and changes are approved by all relevant parties and comply with the requirements of the smart contract.

Development - Aim for simplicity. Always choose the simplest solution that serves your needs. Your solution should be understandable to any member of your team.

e. Function Composition

Use function composition to break down complex functionality into smaller, reusable functions.
Use the internal visibility modifier for functions that are intended to be used only within the contract, and **public**or **external**for functions that can be accessed outside the contract.
Use **view**or **pure**functions for read-only functionality that does not modify the state of the contract, to minimize gas usage.
Ensure that composed functions are properly validated and tested to avoid potential vulnerabilities.

f. Inheritance

Use inheritance to simplify and modularize contract code.
Use the is keyword to indicate that a contract inherits from another contract.
Implement abstract contracts to provide a template for child contracts to follow.
Avoid deep inheritance chains, which can make the codebase difficult to manage and increase the risk of bugs or vulnerabilities.
Ensure the child contract's implementation follows the requirements and constraints specified in the parent contract.

g. Events:

Use events to record contract activity and allow for off-chain monitoring and analysis.
Use the emit keyword to trigger an event in Solidity.
Define the event parameters and their types in the contract to provide a clear and standardized event format.
Use events to provide feedback to users on the status of contract transactions or state changes.
Ensure that events are properly validated and tested to avoid potential vulnerabilities.

Developing a web3 project requires abiding to appropriate development background and best practices for a number of reasons:

Here Is the Step-by-Step Guide for the Development Process of a Web3 Project

🎛️Requirement Gathering

🧩Evaluation

🖥️ Implementation And Development

a. Documentation and Specifications

b. Solidity Best Practices and Readability

c. On-Chain vs Off-Chain Computation

d. Upgradeability

e. Function Composition

f. Inheritance

g. Events:

h. Avoid Known Pitfalls